Heat the olive oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add the beef cubes and cook until browned on all sides, about 5 minutes.
Add the diced onion, minced garlic, and sliced carrots. Cook for 3 minutes until the onion starts to soften.
Stir in the shredded cabbage, rinsed lentils, and caraway seeds. Cook for 2 minutes to let the cabbage begin to wilt.
Pour in the beef broth and diced tomatoes. Add the salt and black pepper.
Bring the mixture to a boil, then reduce the heat to low. Cover and simmer for 45 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the lentils and beef are tender.