Heat the olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add the diced onion and cook for 3 minutes until it starts to soften.
Stir in the minced garlic and grated ginger. Cook for 1 minute until fragrant. Sprinkle in the curry powder and stir for another 30 seconds to toast the spices.
Pour in the coconut milk and bring the mixture to a gentle simmer. Add the shrimp, lime zest, and lime juice. Cook for 4 to 5 minutes until the shrimp turn pink and opaque.
While the shrimp simmer, grate the cauliflower head into rice-sized pieces using a box grater or food processor. Add the cauliflower rice to the skillet along with the salt and pepper. Stir everything together and cook for 3 to 4 minutes until the cauliflower is just tender.
Remove the skillet from heat and sprinkle the chopped cilantro over the top before serving.