Heat the olive oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add the onion and carrots and cook for 5 minutes until the onion softens.
Stir in the garlic, cumin, and minced chipotle peppers. Cook for 1 minute until fragrant.
Add the potatoes, lentils, diced tomatoes, vegetable broth, salt, and black pepper. Stir everything together.
Bring the mixture to a boil, then reduce the heat to low. Cover and simmer for 30 minutes, stirring once or twice, until the lentils and potatoes are tender.
Taste and adjust salt if needed. Ladle into bowls and top with chopped cilantro and a squeeze of lime.