Heat the olive oil in a large Dutch oven over medium-high heat. Add the lamb cubes and brown them on all sides, about 6 to 8 minutes. Season with salt and pepper during browning.
Add the diced onion, sliced carrots, and minced garlic to the pot. Cook for 4 minutes until the onion softens.
Stir in the cumin, coriander, and cinnamon. Cook for 1 minute until the spices become fragrant.
Add the pearl barley and pour in the broth. Bring the mixture to a boil, then reduce to a simmer. Cover and cook for 45 minutes, stirring occasionally.
Stir in the chopped dried apricots. Continue simmering uncovered for 15 more minutes until the barley is tender and the stew has thickened.
Ladle the stew into bowls and top each serving with sliced almonds and chopped parsley.