Heat a dry skillet over medium-high heat. Add the poblano peppers and cook, turning often, until the skins blister and char. Remove them, let cool, then slice off the stems and seeds and cut into strips.
In the same skillet, add the corn kernels. Cook without stirring for 2 to 3 minutes until some kernels develop dark spots. Set the corn aside.
Warm the olive oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add the onion and cook until it softens, about 5 minutes. Stir in the garlic and cumin and cook for 1 minute more.
Add the minced chipotle peppers, fire-roasted tomatoes, vegetable broth, and lentils. Bring the mixture to a boil, then lower the heat and simmer uncovered for 25 minutes.
Stir in the charred corn and poblano strips. Season with salt and black pepper. Simmer for another 5 minutes until the lentils are tender.
Ladle the stew into bowls and top with chopped cilantro. Serve with lime wedges on the side.