Heat a large pot over medium heat. Add the ground beef and cook until browned, breaking it up with a spoon as it cooks.
Add the chopped onion and minced garlic to the pot. Cook for 3 to 4 minutes until the onion softens.
Stir in the chili powder, cumin, and salt. Cook for 1 minute to toast the spices.
Pour in the diced tomatoes with green chilies, beef broth, black beans, and corn. Stir everything together.
Bring the mixture to a simmer. Reduce the heat to low and cook uncovered for 15 minutes, stirring occasionally.
Ladle the stew into bowls and top with chopped cilantro and sliced jalapenos before serving.