Rinse the jasmine rice and cook it in a small pot with 1 3/4 cups water until tender. Keep the rice covered while you prepare the beef.
Heat the vegetable oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the minced garlic and sliced Thai chilies and stir for 30 seconds until fragrant.
Add the ground beef to the skillet. Break it up with a spoon and cook until browned and no longer pink, about 5 to 6 minutes.
Stir in the soy sauce, oyster sauce, fish sauce, and sugar. Cook for another 2 minutes so the beef absorbs the flavors.
Turn off the heat and fold in the fresh Thai basil leaves until they just wilt.
Fluff the cooked jasmine rice and divide it among four plates. Spoon the beef mixture over the rice and serve right away.